materi listening for Tuesday October 18th 2011. SMP Kristen I Metro

Central Java

The wirst-hit flood area in the country this rainy season has been Central Java where people has been killed and tens of thousands evacuated.

The public works ministry estimated that it will need 14 bilion rupiah to reconstruct the bridges in Kali Kuto and Kali Desa, Central Java, and to repair a number of roads in the provibce. another 10.36 billion rupiah is need to repair irrigation facilities.

The minister of Public work, Radinal Mochtar, has instructed that repairs on damaged roads and bridges be completed before the Idul Fitri holidays at the end of March.

Radinal said he ordered the state-owned construction company PT adi Karya to begin the reconstruction innedietelly. He said he chose the frim because it is now working or projects in the area and has experience in handling similar kinds of repairs. The company rebuilt both the Kali Comal Bridge, which was damaged by floods three years ago, and the Kali Kuto Bridge, which was destroyed by floods two years ago.

the minister also said the damaged irrigation facilities in the regencies of demak, Kendal and Purwodadi might be repaired before the end of March, allowing farmers to meet tis year's planting schedules.

The agriculture Ministry Pledged to send seed and tools to farmers in East and Central java whose fields have been damaged by floods.

Materi Listening test SMPN 3 Batanghari

When You Believe

By. Mariah Carey and Whitney Houston

Many nights we've prayed
With no proof anyone could hear
In our hearts a hopeful song
We barely understood

Now we are not afraid
Although we know there's much to fear
We were moving mountains long
Before we knew we could


There can be miracles, when you believe
Though hope is frail, it's hard to kill
Who knows what miracles you can achieve
When you believe, somehow you will
You will when you believe


In this time of fear
When prayers so often prove(s) in vain
Hope seems like the summer birds
Too swiftly flown away

Yet now I'm standing here
My heart's so full I can't explain
Seeking faith and speaking words
I never thought I'd say

There can be miracles, when you believe
Though hope is frail, it's hard to kill
Who knows what miracles you can achieve
When you believe, somehow you will
You will when you believe


They don't (always happen) when you ask
(Oh)
And it's easy to give in to your fears
(Oh...Ohhhh)
But when you're blinded by your pain
Can't see your way straight throught the rain
(A small but )still resilient voice
Says (hope is very near)
(Ohhh)

There can be miracles
(Miracles)
When you believe
(Lord, when you believe)
Though hope is frail
(Though hope is frail)
It's hard to kill
(Hard to kill, Ohhh)
Who knows what miracles,you can achieve
When you believe, somehow you will(somehow,somehow, somehow)
somehow you will
You will when you believe

You will when you
You will when you believe
Just believe...in your heart
Just believe
You will when you believe~

Types of Volcanic Eruptions

Volcanic eruptions have caused some of the worst disasters in the world. They can wipe out entire cities and kill thousands of people.
The name of volcano comes from Roman term. It derives from VULCAN which is the name of Roman fire god. Romans believed that Vulcan lived on a volcanic Italian coast. Romans called the island VULCANO.

According to scientists, volcanic eruptions are divided in to four basic groups. They are commonly known as Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian and Peleean. The term of Hawaiian eruptions are named after the volcanoes in Hawaii. These volcanic eruptions are the least violent type. They produce highly fluid lava which flows quietly. This gradually builds up a shield volcano.

Strombolian eruptions are named after Stromboli. These result from the constant release of gas from the magma. As the gas escapes, it produces tephra that piles up, turning into a cinder cone. Strombolian eruptions happen when sticky magma plugs the central vent. This makes the magmatic gas build up pressure until it blasts. The magma is turned into volcanic dust and bombs.

Vulcanian eruption which comes from the ancient Roman belief, are more violent than the strombolian eruption. Vulcanian eruption happens and brings magma which is more viscous. Vulcanian explosions are usually larger and noisier than the Strombolian eruptions.

Paleean eruptions are famous as the most violent kind of volcanic eruptions. The name of paleean comes from the eruption of Mount Pelee, Martinique in 1902. It killed almost 38 thousands people. A Peleean eruption occurs when the magmatic gas build up tremendous pressure. This causes violent explosions with glowing clouds of hot ash and dust.

Simplified from: library.thinkquest.org/03oct/01027/volcaniceruptions.html

Questions:

 1. What kind of text is it?

 2.  Mention all kind of volcanic eruption according to the scientist!

 3. "They produce highly fluid lava which flows quietly" What is the synonym of the underlined word?

4.  In strombolian eruption, what happen while the gas escaped?

5. What is Peleean eruption? 

 

MANGROVE TREES

A mangrove is a tropical marine tree. Mangroves have special aerial roots and salt-filtering tap roots which enable them to thrive in brackish water. Brackish water is salty but not as salty as sea water. Mangrove trees are commonly planted and found in coastal areas. Mangroves can serve as walls of protection for natural disaster in coastal area like tsunami. According to BBC News, healthy mangrove forests had helped save lives in the Asia disaster tsunami and people tended to respect these natural barriers even more, especially after the tsunami.
There are several species of mangrove tree found all over the world. Some prefer more salinity, while others like to be very-close to a large fresh water source such as river. Some prefer areas that are sheltered from waves. Some species have their roots covered with sea water every day during high tide. Other species grow on dry land but are still part of the ecosystem. The Times of India reported that rare species of mangrove had been found and was also known as the looking-glass tree, probably because the leaves are silver-coated.
Mangroves need to keep their trunk and leave above the surface of the water. Yet they also need to be firmly attached to the ground so they are not moved by waves.
Any part of root that appears above the water flows oxygen to the plant under water surface. as the soil begin to build up, these roots procedure additional roots that become embedded in the soil.

Questions:

1. What is the main idea of paragraph 1?

2. In what area does mangrove tree plant?

3. What are the benefits of having mangrove forest?

4. Why does mangrove also known as the looking-glass tree?

5. What kind of text is ist?